1) Philip II was the king of Macedonia.
2) After Alexander the great’s death in 323 B.C. his empire was split into three kingdoms known as the three successor states; The Ptolemaic dynasty, Selucid dynasty and the kingdom of Macedonia.
3) SPQR is translated into Senatus Populusque Romanus or The Senate and People of Rome.
4) The early Roman republic fought three wars, known as the Punic wars, with The Empire of Carthage.
5) The Carthaginian general Hannibal is most famous for using the scorpion formation during battle.
6) The Roman republic ended in 27 BC when Augustus Caesar became the first Roman emperor.
7) Julius Caesar was assassinated March 15th 44 AD by a mob of senators upset over Caesar being declared dictator for life.
8) In 70 AD the Roman army proceeded to sack and destroy the holy temple in Jerusalem after an attempted revolt.
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10) After allegedly starting a great fire in Rome (64 AD) Nero proceeded to blame Christian believers, horribly persecuting them especially in the Gladiator arena.
11) The Western Roman Empire ended in 476 AD.
12) The Eastern Roman Empire’s capital was located on north eastern Greece in the city of Constantinople.
13) The byzantine empire lasted nearly a thousand years after the end of the west finally falling in 1453 AD.
14) The official religion of the Byzantine empire was Eastern Orthodox Christianity.
15) Emperor Justinian I also Justinian “the great,” was commonly refereed to as the emperor who never sleeps and is recognized as one of Rome’s greatest rulers during late antiquity.
16) Emperor Justinian has been made famous for his law code the Corpus Juris Civilis “the Body of civil law.”
17) The firs prophet of Islam was Muhammad who was born in the Sacred city of Mecca.
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20) The five pillars of Islam are as follows:
1) Shahadah
2) Salat: Prayer
3) Zakat: Alms
4) Sawm of Ramadan: Fasting
5) Haji: Pilgrimage to Mecca